想象国民:媒介史视域下《新民丛报》与《民报》的国民议题论战

Imagine nation:The debate on national issues between Xin-Min-Cong-Bao and Min-Bao from the perspective of Media History

在清末立宪派与革命派的国民话语交锋中,报刊作为新式传播媒体,既彰显了政治结构的深层变革,也在技术与文化的互动中调节着社会关系。本文通过检视清末关于国民论述的研究,经媒介史视域回到《新民丛报》和《民报》的论战现场,追问并阐释报刊的传媒技术、组织运作、社会实践等媒介逻辑对国民话语的形塑。报刊不仅为国民话语的生产提供了基础性物质设施,且经由其组织行为将国民话语流通到社会网络中,并通过社会实践将国民话语化为制度性现实。在不断关联、更新的传播网络中,立宪派、革命派与清廷各方迥异的国民认识,不再仅是对异己的否定,更是在全新的媒介环境中争夺话语的博弈。

In the confrontation of national discourse between constitutionalists and revolutionaries in the late Qing Dynasty,newspapers,as a new communication media,not only showed the deep change of political structure,but also regulated social relations in the interaction of technology and culture.By Combing the literature for nation in the late Qing Dynasty,this paper returns to the scene of the debate between Xin-Min-Cong-Bao and Min-Bao from the perspective of media history,explaining how media logic,such as media technology,organization and operation,and social practice,shaped national discourse.Newspapers not only provide basic material facilities for the production of national discourse,but also circulate national discourse into social networks through their organizational behaviors and turn national discourse into institutional reality through social practice.In the constantly connected and updated communication network,the different national understandings of constitutionalists,revolutionaries and the Qing government were no longer just the negation of dissent,but the game for discourse in the new media environment.