高校专业绘图空间双侧外窗几何参数与照明的碳排放量影响研究

Influence of Geometric Parameters of Opposing Exterior Windows on Carbon Emissions from Lighting in Professional Drawing Space of Universities

低碳校园是践行我国建筑行业“双碳”目标的重要举措。据统计,高校建筑照明能耗约占校园建筑总能耗的20%~40%,建立校园建筑的设计方法与碳排放量影响的直接关联,对于校园建筑低碳建筑设计以及打造低碳校园建筑具有重要的现实意义。以沈阳地区某高校专业绘图教室为空间原型,以天然光和人工照明日间协作机制,并以人工照明所反映的碳排放量为目标,结合DIALux evo软件的天然光和人工照明交互协同的性能模拟分析属性,在时时满足该空间绘图区、讨论区和交通区的基本光环境指标(最小照度标准值、最低采光系数和日光自主权)前提下,研究该空间外窗几何参数与碳排放量之间的影响,研究得出:(1)分析回归了该原型空间的碳排放量与对应双侧外窗几何参数的多元线性关系;(2)不同朝向条件下,空间双侧外窗的窗地比(WFR)、窗墙比(WWR)、窗台高(Hws)、窗宽(Ww)、窗高(Hw)对其碳排放量存在抑制作用;(3)该空间不同朝向的碳排放量总体趋势为:西向<东向<南向<北向,且上午时段碳排放量相对最低;(4)在同时满足WFR和WWR要求范围内,“开大窗”和“开高窗”对于该空间降低碳排放量更有效果。该项研究可用于建筑设计阶段的建筑外窗设计对碳排放量影响的前置判断,为低碳建筑设计提供定量设计参考依据。

Implementing low-carbon campuses is an important measure towards achieving China's construction industry's goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Statistically,lighting energy consumption accounts for 20%~40%of the total energy consumption of campus buildings.Therefore,it is important to establish a direct correlation between the design of campus buildings and the impact of carbon emissions for designing and creating a low-carbon campus.The article takes a professional drawing classroom in a university in Shenyang as a spatial prototype.And it takes the daytime collaboration mechanism of natural light and artificial lighting,and aims at the carbon emission reflected by artificial lighting.Also,it combines the simulated properties of natural light and artificial lighting interaction with the collaboration performance of DIAlux evo to meet the basic lighting environment indexes(minimum illuminance standard value,minimum daylight factor and spatial daylight autonomy)of the drawing area,discussion area and aisle area in this space at time.The study concluded that:(1)The carbon emission of the prototype space is analytically regressed on the multivariate linear relationship between the geometric parameters of the corresponding opposing exterior windows.(2)The window-to-floor ratio(WFR),window-to-wall ratio(WWR),windowsill height(Hws),window width(Ww)and window height(Hw)of the opposing exterior windows of the space have a suppressive effect on the carbon emission under diferent orientation conditions.(3)The overall trend of the carbon emission of the space is:west<east<south<north,and the carbon emission is relatively low in the morning hours.(4)Within the range of WFR and wwR,larger windows and higher windows are more effective in reducing carbon emission in this space.This study can be used to determine the impact of building facade or window design on carbon emissions in the design stage,and provide a quantitative design reference for low-carbon architectural design.