自酸蚀与磷酸酸蚀在儿童恒磨牙窝沟封闭术中的效果比较

Comparison of effects of self-etching and phosphoric acid etching in pit and fissure sealing of permanent molars in children

目的:比较自酸蚀与磷酸酸蚀在儿童恒磨牙窝沟封闭术中的效果。方法:选取2020年9月至2022年9月于该院行第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭术的62名预防恒磨牙龋坏儿童进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组各31名。两组均行恒磨牙窝沟封闭术,对照组采用传统磷酸酸蚀窝沟封闭,研究组采用自酸蚀窝沟封闭,比较两组封闭剂保存率、术后12个月龋齿率、舒适度评分、术后牙周指标[牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)]水平和术后疼痛程度[修订版WongBaker面部表情疼痛评估法(FPS-R)]评分。结果:研究组封闭剂保存率为96.08%(49/51),高于对照组的78.85%(41/52),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组术后12个月龋齿率为1.96%(1/51),低于对照组的19.23%(10/52),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组舒适度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后12个月,两组SBI、GI和FPS-R评分均低于术后6个月,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:自酸蚀窝沟封闭应用于儿童恒磨牙窝沟封闭术可提高封闭剂保存率和舒适度评分,降低龋齿率、术后牙周指标水平和疼痛程度评分,效果优于磷酸酸蚀窝沟封闭。

Objective:To compare application effects of self-etching and phosphoric acid etching in pit and fissure sealing of permanent molars in children.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 62 children with permanent molar caries who underwent pit and fissure sealing of the first permanent molar in this hospital from September 2020 to September 2022.According to the random number table method,they were divided into control group and study group,31 cases in each group.Both groups underwent pit and fissure sealing of permanent molars.The control group was treated with traditional phosphoric acid etching pit and fissure sealing,while the study group was treated with self-etching pit and fissure sealing.The sealant preservation rate,the dental caries rate at 12 months after the operation,the comfort score,the postoperative periodontal index levels[gingival index(GI),sulcus bleeding index(SBI)],and the postoperative pain degree[revised Wong Baker facial expression pain assessment(FPS-R)]score were compared between the two groups.Results:The sealant preservation rate of the study group was 96.08%(49/51),which was higher than 78.85%(41/52)of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The caries rate of the study group 12 months after the operation was 1.96%(1/51),which was lower than that of the control group(19.23%,10/52),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The comfort score of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).12 months after the operation,the scores of SBI,GI and FPS-R in the two groups were lower than those 6 months after the operation,those in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The self-etching pit and fissure sealing in the children’s permanent molar pit and fissure sealing can improve the sealant preservation rate and the comfort scores,and reduce the dental caries rate,the postoperative periodontal index levels and the pain scores.Moreover,it is superior to phosphoric acid etching pit and fissure sealing.