叙永县高血压患者血压控制现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of Blood Pressure Control Status and Influencing Factors in Hypertensive Patients in Xuyong County

目的了解全民预防保健试点县—叙永县高血压患者血压控制水平及不达标流行现状及影响因素,为完善高血压精准管理服务提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样法,第1阶段将叙永县25个行政乡镇按经济状况好、中、差水平分层,在各层随机各抽取3个乡镇;第2阶段在各乡镇随机抽取3个村/社区;第3阶段在各村/社区依照纳入排除标准随机抽取50例高血压患者。共调查1232例患者。结果有效问卷1188份,高血压控制率为44.2%,高血压知识知晓及格有703例,占59.2%;持积极态度有580例,占48.8%;Morisky服药依从性量表平均得分为(4.73±2.34)分,不同性别、家庭人均月收入、合并症情况、高血压知信行情况、服药依从性的患者高血压控制率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应重点关注男性、年龄大、文化程度低、收入少、合并糖尿病患者的血压情况,进一步深化健康教育干预,帮助患者树立良好的心态,并加强生活方式干预和药物干预。

Objective To investigate the blood pressure control level and the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension patients in Xuyong County,a pilot county of universal preventive health care,and to provide a basis for improving the accurate management of hypertension.Methods In the first stage,the 25 administrative townships in Xuyong County were stratified according to the levels of good,medium and poor economic conditions,and 3 townships were randomly selected at each layer.In the second stage,three villages/communities were randomly selected in each township.In the third stage,50 patients with hypertension were randomly selected in each village/community according to the inclusion exclusion criteria.A total of 1232 patients were surveyed.Results There were 1188 valid questionnaires,the hypertension control rate was 44.2%,and 703 patients,accounting for 59.2%,passed the knowledge of hypertension.There were 580 positive cases,accounting for 48.8%.The average score of Morisky medication adherence scale was(4.73±2.34)points,and there were statistical differences in hypertension control rates among patients with different genders,per capita monthly household income,comorbidities,hypertension knowledge,and medication compliance.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the blood pressure of male,older,low education,low income,and diabetes patients,and further deepen health education interventions,help patients establish good attitudes,and strengthen lifestyle interventions and drug interventions.