基于三维协同的铁路框架箱涵正向设计研究与应用

The Research and Application of Forwarding Design Based on 3D Collaboration Using in Railway Frame Culvert

为了研究涵洞在三维场景下的协同设计、模型实时交互创建方法与二维成果转换,基于BIM、协同设计平台与数字化技术,形成了数字化三维铁路箱涵设计软件。提出:(1)各涵洞构件以不同的工程与结构特性分类建模,再整体拼装,将涵洞常用工程参数融入建模过程中,并通过不同的适用条件与分类标签对涵洞进行数据库管理,便于设计复用;(2)基于不同层级构件使其形成构件树列表,对项目中的涵洞工点进行管理,调用协同接口读取线路、地形、路基等关联专业的三维BIM模型作为环境参数与约束条件进行正向设计,实时调整涵节布置、斜交角度、填土厚度、涵轴坡率等结构控制参数;(3)建模完成后,可通过协同接口输出涵洞的结构尺寸、位置信息等工程信息,向专业计算软件与二维出图软件提供交互数据,提高不同专业间、不同设计阶段间的信息传递效率,并输出二维图纸成果,实现了基于三维协同BIM模型的数字化设计信息高效传递和利用。该铁路箱涵三维设计软件在成达万铁路中进行了应用,快速进行数百个涵洞正向设计,并根据实际环境进行设计调整,优化设计参数,排查不同专业间接口问题,相比以往的设计方式极大地提高了三维建模效率,减少人为因素产生的设计问题,为桥梁工程涵洞三维正向设计研究提供了参考。

In order to study the method of 3D collaborative design,real-time interactive model creation of culverts in 3D scenes and 2D design results conversion,a digital 3D railway box culvert design software is developed based on BIM,collaborative design platform and digital technology.Three features of the software are proposed:(1)Modeling is performed by classifying and assembling culvert components with different engineering and structural characteristics,integrating the common engineering parameters of culverts into the modeling process,and managing culverts based on database according to different applicable conditions and classification labels to reuse conveniently while designing.(2)Form a component tree list based on different levels of components to manage the culvert construction points in the project,and call the collaborative interface to read the 3D BIM models of related disciplines such as lines,terrains,and roadbeds as environmental parameters and constraints for forward design,real-time adjustment is made of structural control parameters such as culvert layout,oblique angle,fill thickness,culvert axis slope ratio,etc.(3)After the modeling is completed,engineering information such as the structural size and location information of the culvert can be output through the collaborative interface,and basic data can be provided to professional calculation software and 2D drawing software to improve the efficiency of information transmission between different disciplines and different stages of design.The efficient transmission and utilization of digital design information based on the 3D collaborative BIM model are fulfilled.The 3D design software for railway box culverts has been applied in the Chengdu-Dazhou-Wanzhou High-speed Railway,speeding up the forward design of hundreds of culverts,and making design adjustments according to the actual environment,and troubleshooting the interface problems between different disciplines.Compared with previous design methods,it has greatly improved the efficiency of 3D modeling and reduced design problems caused by human factors,providing some reference for researches on 3D forward design of bridge engineering culverts.