面向下一代铁路无线通信的数字化协同设计研究

Research on Digital Collaborative Design for Next Generation Railway Wireless Communication

随着通信行业飞速发展,我国铁路无线通信系统即将迎来5G-R新时代,而伴随着技术的更新迭代,设计方法也向着更加先进的数字化协同设计发展。为实现下一代铁路无线通信的数字化协同设计,迫切需要在现有基站布点设计方法的基础上,研究并解决无线仿真技术、边界场强计算、动态过程检验、协同数据流转、BIM快速布点5个难题。首先通过有线和无线传播损耗的计算,研究对比5G-R和数字无线列调与GSM-R的无线覆盖特性差异。然后,利用分层设色法进行无线覆盖特性仿真,并绘制无线信号场强覆盖曲线、基站切换过程的动态特性分析曲线,提出针对前3个问题的解决方案,简要分析了多普勒效应对下一代铁路无线通信的影响和解决思路。针对第4个问题,利用集合空间理论证明了无线通信系统设计上、下序专业间数据流转的无损性。同时,在BIM设计空间中,构造出与设计里程相对应的通信铁塔模型姿态旋转矩阵,作为第5个问题的解决方案。最后,综合上述问题的解决方案,提出一种面向下一代铁路无线通信数字化协同设计的新方法,能够实现通信基站布点设计过程的可视化、数字化、动态化、协同化和高效化。

With the rapid development of communication industry,the wireless communication system of Chinese railway is about to enter a new era of 5G-R.Accompanied by the update iteration of technology,design methods are also developing in the more advanced direction of digital collaborative design.In order to realize the digital collaborative design of next generation railway wireless communication,it is urgent to study and solve such five difficult problems,based on the existing base station layout design method,as wireless simulation technology,boundary field strength calculation,dynamic process inspection,collaborative data transfer,and rapid layout method for BIM.At first,through the calculation of wired and wireless propagation loss,the differences in wireless coverage characteristics among 5G-R,digital wireless train scheduling and GSM-R are compared.The wireless coverage characteristic is simulated using layered coloring method,and the wireless signal field strength coverage curve and the dynamic characteristic analysis curve of base station handover process are drawn.Then,the solutions to the first three problems are put forward,and the influence and the solution ideas of Doppler effect on the next generation railway wireless communication are briefly analyzed.Aiming at the fourth problem,the lossless property of transferring data between the upper-order and lower-order specialties in wireless communication system design is proved using the theory of set spaces.Meanwhile,in the BIM design space,the attitude rotation matrix of the communication tower model corresponding to the design mileage is constructed as a solution to the fifth problem.Finally,based on the solutions to the above five problems,a new method for the digital collaborative design of next generation railway wireless communication is proposed,which can realize the visualization,digitalization,dynamics,collaboration and high efficiency of the communication base station layout design process.