太平洋岛国地区非传染性疾病负担分析

Analysis on Burden of Non-communicable Diseases in Pacific Islands Region

目的:分析太平洋岛国地区非传染性疾病(non-communicable diseases,NCDs)负担情况及变化趋势,为我国制定相关卫生合作政策提供参考。方法:基于2019年全球疾病负担数据,选取发病率、死亡率、伤残损失寿命年(years lived with disability,YLD)、早死损失寿命年(years of life lost,YLL)、伤残调整寿命年(disability adjusted life years,DALY)、平均年度变化百分比(average annual percent change,AAPC),分析太平洋岛国地区NCDs疾病负担情况及其与社会人口指数(socio-demographic index,SDI)相关性。结果:2019年太平洋岛国地区男性NCDs的标化死亡率、YLL率、DALY率高于女性,发病率、YLD率低于女性。45岁以上中老年人群和5岁以下儿童NCDs疾病负担较重。NCDs疾病负担主要源于心血管疾病(27.5%)、糖尿病和肾脏疾病(13.2%)、肿瘤(10.4%)。1990-2019年,NCDs的标化发病率(AAPC=0.021%)、YLD率(AAPC=0.142%)呈上升趋势,变化趋势均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。绝大多数国家和领地NCDs疾病负担与SDI存在负相关。结论:太平洋岛国地区NCDs疾病负担在性别、年龄、病种、国家和领地上分布不均衡,需要制定针对性的防控措施。中国应关注到该地区NCDs防控的重大需求,积极探索参与NCDs治理。

Objective:To analyze the burden and changing trend of non-communicable diseases(NCDs)in Pacific islands region,so as to provide the references for formulating relevant health cooperation policies in China.Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 data,the incidence,mortality,years lived with disability(YLD),years of life lost(YLL),disability adjusted life years(DALY)and average annual percent change(AAPC)were selected to analyze the burden of NCDs and its correlation with socio-demographic index(SDI)in Pacific islands region.Results:In 2019,the standardized mortality rate,YLL rate and DALY rate of NCDs in males were higher than in females,while the standardized incidence rate and YLD rate were lower than in females.Middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old and children under 5 years old had a higher burden of NCDs.The burden of NCDs mainly came from cardiovascular diseases(27.5%),diabetes and kidney diseases(13.2%),and neoplasms(10.4%).From 1990 to 2019,the standardized incidence rate(AAPC=0.021%)and YLD rate(AAPC=0.142%)of NCDs showed an increasing trend.All the changes above were statistically significant with P<0.05.The burden of NCDs in most countries and territories was negatively correlated with SDI.Conclusion:The burden of NCDs in Pacific islands region is unevenly distributed in terms of gender,age,disease types,country and territories,and targeted prevention and control measures should be developed.China should pay attention to the major needs of NCDs prevention and control in Pacific islands region,and actively explore and participate in the governance of NCDs.