替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者上前牙牙槽骨形态及其影响因素

Morphology of alveolar bone of maxillary anterior teeth area in patients with skeletal classⅢduring mixed dentition and its influencing factors

目的评估替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者上前牙区牙槽骨形态,并探讨其影响因素。方法选取替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者48例,基于治疗前的锥体束CT(CBCT),测量上颌中切牙和侧切牙唇舌侧的牙槽骨厚度和高度,测量牙齿长度、前牙倾斜度、下颌平面角。结果上颌中切牙舌侧牙槽骨厚度为(3.34±1.33)mm,上颌中切牙唇侧牙槽骨厚度为(1.24±0.51)mm,上颌中切牙舌侧牙槽嵴顶距釉牙骨质距离(1.30±0.89)mm,上颌侧切牙唇侧牙槽嵴顶距釉牙骨质距离(1.68±0.88)mm。上中切牙舌侧牙槽骨厚度、唇侧牙槽骨高度与切牙唇倾度负相关,上切牙唇侧牙槽骨厚度与牙齿长度和下颌平面角负相关。结论替牙期骨性Ⅲ类患者上切牙唇侧牙槽骨较薄,附着高度较低,舌侧牙槽骨较厚、附着高度较高。上切牙牙槽骨形态与切牙唇倾度、牙齿长度、下颌平面角均有相关性。

Objective To investigate the features of alveolar bone morphology in the maxillary anterior teeth area of patients with skeletal classⅢand mixed dentition and to explore its influencing factors.Methods A total of 48 patients with skeletal classⅢin the mixed dentition were selected.The alveolar bone thickness and height of maxillary central incisor and lateral incisor were measured based on CBCT before treatment,and the tooth length,inclination and mandibular plane angle were measured.Results The lingual alveolar bone thickness of the maxillary central incisor was(3.34±1.33)mm,and the labial alveolar bone thickness of the maxillary central incisor was(1.24±0.51)mm.The distance from the alveolar ridge crest(ARC)to cemento-enamel junction(CEJ)of lingual side of maxillary central incisor was(1.30±0.89)mm,and the distance from the ARC-CEJ of maxillary lateral incisor was(1.68±0.88)mm.The lingual alveolar bone thickness and labial alveolar bone height of the upper central incisor were negatively correlated with the tooth inclination,and the labial alveolar bone thickness of the upper incisors was negatively correlated with the tooth length and mandibular plane angle.Conclusions The labial alveolar bone of the upper incisors was thinner and lower,while the lingual alveolar bone was thicker and higher in skeletal classⅢpatients with mixed dentition.The morphology of the alveolar bone of the upper incisors was correlated with inclination and length of the teeth,and the mandibular plane angle.