体育锻炼、网络游戏对青少年学业成绩的影响——基于非认知能力的中介效应

Impact of Physical Exercise and Online Gaming on Adolescents'Academic Performance:An Examination of the Mediating Effects of Non-cognitive Abilities

“双减”政策推动下青少年居家生活与学习不断发生变化,青少年的体育锻炼时间、网络游戏时间逐步增加,由此引发了人们对体育锻炼和学业成绩之间关系的关注。该研究基于中国教育追踪调查数据,采用多元线性回归模型、中介模型和倾向值匹配分析法探究了体育锻炼、网络游戏对青少年学业成绩的影响,并检验了非认知能力在体育锻炼、网络游戏影响学业成绩中的中介效应。结果显示:(1)参与体育锻炼可以有效促进青少年的学业成绩,而网络游戏则会导致学业成绩下降;(2)非认知能力在体育锻炼、网络游戏与学业成绩之间起到部分中介作用。即,体育锻炼对青少年的非认知能力具有正向促进作用,非认知能力的提升对学业成绩产生积极影响;网络游戏对非认知能力的培养产生负面作用,对学业成绩产生消极影响。鉴于此,该研究提出应对建议:学校与家长要注重青少年体育锻炼与非认知能力的培养,引导青少年减少网络游戏时间,进而加强体育锻炼以促进青少年身心的全面发展。

Under the influence of China's"double reduction"policy,significant transformations have been observed in the home life and educational habits of adolescents,with a noticeable increase in time devoted to physical exercise and online gaming.This shift has sparked a renewed interest in understanding the relationship between physical exercise,online gaming,and academic performance.Leveraging data from the China Education Panel Survey,this study employs a robust analytical approach involving multiple linear regression models,mediation models,and propensity score matching analysis to evaluate the effects of physical exercise and online gaming on the academic performance of adolescents.Moreover,this research delves into the intermediary role played by non-cognitive abilities such as self-confidence,emotional stability,and learning perseverance in the relationship between physical exercise,online gaming,and academic performance.The findings indicate that active participation in physical exercise has a beneficial impact on academic performance,whereas online gaming appears to contribute to its decline.A deeper investigation through mediation models uncovers the crucial role non-cognitive abilities play in the mechanism linking physical exercise,online gaming,and academic performance.Physical exercise has a positive influence on the development of non-cognitive abilities in teenagers,which in turn,facilitates improvements in academic performance.Conversely,online gaming seems to inhibit the development of non-cognitive abilities,resulting in an adverse effect on academic performance.Consequently,this study advocates for the enhanced focus of schools and parents on promoting physical exercise and the development of non-cognitive abilities among teenagers.It further suggests guiding adolescents to limit their online gaming time and emphasizes the importance of physical exercise in fostering the comprehensive physical and mental development of teenagers.