三产地卤虫卵及无节幼体类胡萝卜素含量的比较

Comparison of Carotenoid Content in Brine Shrimp Artemia Decapsulated Cysts and Nauplius From Three Locations

以超高效液相色谱仪为分析平台,选用ACQUITY UPLC^(■)BEH C181.7μm(2.1 mm×150 mm Column)色谱柱,通过调节流动相比例及流速等参数,构建了检测卤虫(Artemia)类胡萝卜素(β-胡萝卜素、角黄素、海胆酮、玉米黄质和虾青素)含量的方法,测定了青海、内蒙古和渤海湾产的卤虫去壳卵、初孵无节幼体以及在盐度25和水温27℃~28℃的人工海水中饥饿48 h的无节幼体体内类胡萝卜素的含量。结果表明:三产地的去壳卵及初孵无节幼体内均不含有β-胡萝卜素、玉米黄质和虾青素,仅含有角黄素和海胆酮。内蒙古产卤虫去壳卵角黄素含量最高(4.78μg/万个),渤海湾产卤虫去壳卵海胆酮含量最高(0.10μg/万个),青海产卤虫去壳卵角黄素含量(3.36μg/万个)和海胆酮含量(0.08μg/万个)最低。内蒙古产卤虫初孵无节幼体内角黄素含量最高(6.65μg/万只),但其海胆酮含量最低(0.07μg/万只),而青海产卤虫初孵无节幼体角黄素含量(4.17μg/万只)最低和海胆酮含量(0.11μg/万只)最高。饥饿过程中三产地卤虫无节幼体角黄素和海胆酮的含量均随着饥饿时间的延长而降低,且饥饿过程中三产地卤虫无节幼体内均未检测到β-胡萝卜素、玉米黄质和虾青素,表明卤虫无节幼体体内不能合成虾青素,但可能存在β-胡萝卜素-海胆酮-角黄素的代谢通路。

A method for detecting of brine shrimp(Artemia)carotenoids(β-carotene,canthaxanthin,echineone,zeaxanthin and astaxanthin)was constructed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography(UPLC)as the analysis platform,selecting ACQUITY UPLC^(■)BEH C181.7μm(2.1 mm×150 mm Column)chromatographic column,and via adjusting the mobile phase ratio and flow rate and other parameters.The contents of carotenoids in the decapsulated cyst,newly hatched nauplii and starved nauplii were determined in brine shrimp collected from salt lakes in Qinghai and Inner Mongolia and Bohai Bay by the method above.The results showed that the decapsulated cyst and newly hatched nauplii from the three sources did not containβ-carotene,zeaxanthin and astaxanthin,but only contained canthaxanthin and echinenone.Decapsulated cysts from Inner Mongolia Salt Lake had the maximal content of canthaxanthin(4.78μg/104 ind),while those from Bohai Bay had the maximal content of echinenone(0.10μg/104 ind.).The decapsulated cysts from Qinghai Salt Lake had the minimal content of canthaxanthin(3.36μg/104 ind.)and echinenone(0.08μg/104 ind.)among the three origins.The maximal content of canthaxanthin(6.65μg/104 ind.)and the minimal content of echinenone(0.07μg/104 ind.)were observed in the newly hatched nauplii from Inner Mongolia Salt Lake had the.While the newly hatched nauplii from Qinghai Salt Lake had the minimal canthaxanthin content(4.17μg/104 ind.)and the maximal echinenone content(0.11μg/104 ind.).The contents of canthaxanthin and echinenone were shown to be decreased with the prolongation of starvation time in all the three nauplii.Noβ-carotene,zeaxanthin and astaxanthin were detected in the nauplii during starvation.Therefore,it is suggested that brine shrimp nauplius be lack capability in the synthesis of astaxanthin,and have a metabolic pathway fromβ-carotene to echinenone to canthaxanthin.