生物降解材料聚苹果酸的工艺研究进展

Research Progress of Biodegradable Material Polymalic Acid

PMA作为高分子聚酯材料,具有优良的水溶性、生物相容性、生物可降解性、生物可吸收性、易修饰性、非免疫原性和无毒性,在生物医学材料、可降解塑料、吸水材料、抗菌食品包装材料等领域有广泛的应用前景。本文综述了聚苹果酸(PMA)的合成方法、合成阶段的影响因素及木质资源生物转化PMA的研究进展。生物法合成的PMA产物较纯净,分子量大,然而存在碳源成本高、PMA产率低等问题。为了克服这些问题,归纳分析了现阶段国内外以成本低廉的可再生木质资源为碳源底物生物转化PMA的研究进展。随着生产原料和工艺的不断优化,绿色生物塑料PMA的规模化生产及其广泛应用必将推动包装材料向绿色化、安全化方向发展。开发低毒、低成本、高营养且不与食品供应链竞争的木质生物质碳源是今后研究的主要方向。

As a polymer polyester material,PMA has excellent water solubility,biocompatibility,biodegradability,bioabsorbability,easy modification,non immunogenicity,and non-toxic properties.It has broad application prospects in fields such as biomedical materials,degradable plastics,water absorbing materials,and antibacterial food packaging materials.In this paper,the synthesis methods of polymalic acid(PMA),the factors affecting the synthesis stage and the research progress of biotransformation of PMA from wood resources were reviewed.The PMA product synthesized by biological method is relatively pure and has a high molecular weight,but there are problems such as high carbon source cost and low PMA yield.In order to overcome these problems,the research progress of biotransformation of PMA with low-cost renewable wood resources as carbon source substrate at home and abroad is summarized and analyzed.With the continuous optimization of production materials and processes,the large-scale production and wide application of green bioplastic PMA will certainly promote the development of packaging materials in the direction of greening and safety.The main direction of future research is to develop low toxicity,low cost,high nutrition wood biomass carbon sources that do not compete with the food supply chain.