6份玉米自交系主要数量性状遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Main Quantitative Characters in 6 Maize Inbred Lines

按照增广NCII完全双列杂交试验设计,以4个目前市场上主推品种的父本系作测交系,对6份自选系的主要数量性状进行遗传分析,共配制24个杂交组合。分析了6份玉米自交系在产量、果穗、植株农艺性状的配合力及与产量间的关系及各个组合产量的平均杂种优势。一般配合力分析结果表明,自交系L2170、L2188能降低穗位高,提高茎秆穿刺强度和茎秆直径,可用作矮秆抗倒育种材料;自交系L2177和L2188表现增产,增加穗行数和行粒数,而L2170、L2178、L2210表现相反。特殊配合力分析结果表明,自交系L2177、L2178、L2188增大穗长、提高穗行数和行粒数,而L2210表现相反;自交系L2188、L2202表现增产,且L2202表现减少秃尖,提高容重。产量的一般配合力、总配合力与小区产量的相关系数均达到显著、极显著水平;产量平均杂种优势分析结果表明,L2177的杂种优势最强,平均杂种优势值为7.93;其次为自交系L2188,平均杂种优势值为6,筛选出L2188×甸49(29.33)、L2202×吉D43076(21.89)、L2202×甸49(19.08)、L2177×甸49(13.11)等4个强杂种优势组合。

According to the design of the incomplete diallel cross experiment of the expanded NCII,the male parent lines of 4 main varieties on the market were used as the test lines,to carry out genetic analysis on the main quantitative characters of 6 selected lines,and a total of 24 hybrid combinations were prepared.The combining ability of 6 maize inbred lines in yield,ear,plant agronomic traits and their relationship with yield were analyzed,and the average heterosis of yield of each combination was analyzed.The results of general combining ability analysis showed that the inbred lines L2170 and L2188 could reduce the spike height,improve the stem strength and stem diameter,and could be used as breeding materials for dwarf lodging resistance;The inbred lines L2177 and L2188 increased yield and increased the number of rows per ear and grains per row,while L2170,L2178 and L2210 showed the opposite.The results of special combining ability analysis showed that the inbred lines L2177,L2178,L2188,increased spike length,increased row number per spike and grain number per row,while the performance of L2210 was opposite.The inbred lines L2188 and L2202 increased production,and L2202 decreased bald tip and increased bulk density.The correlation coefficient between the general combining ability and total combining ability of the yield and the yield of the plot reached significant and extremely significant levels;The results of average heterosis of yield showed that L2177 had the strongest heterosis,with an average heterosis of 7.93;The second was inbred line L2188,with an average heterosis of 6,L2188×Dian49(29.33),L2202×JiD43076(21.89),L2202×Dian49(19.08),L2177×Dian49(13.11)four strong heterosis combinations were screened.