2018-2022年云南省蒙自市性病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases in Mengzi city,Yunnan province from 2018 to 2022

目的了解云南省蒙自市性病流行特征,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集2018-2022年中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测系统现住址为蒙自市,梅毒、淋病、生殖道沙眼衣原体感染、尖锐湿疣、生殖器疱疹5种性病病例资料进行分析。结果共报告5种性病2942例,2022年报告病例数最多,为806例,2018年最少,为392例;梅毒、淋病、尖锐湿疣、生殖器疱疹、生殖道沙眼衣原体感染年均发病率分别为51.92/10万、17.78/10万、22.09/10万、6.16/10万和21.23/10万,5种性病合计报告发病率整体呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=72.95,P<0.05)。男女感染比为1.05∶1,女性发病率608.79/10万,与男性(601.24/10万)比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.03,P>0.05);年龄集中在20~39岁(55.47%),已婚占47.31%,汉族占53.33%;文化程度为初中及以下占62.00%;职业以农民最多,占54.76%;不同性病的人口学特征构成差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发现途径主要为性病门诊和其他就诊者检测,分别占39.94%和37.08%。结论近5年蒙自市性病疫情总体呈现上升趋势,应继续加强监测,采取综合防控措施以遏制性病疫情快速上升趋势,控制性病的传播和流行。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs)in Mengzi city,Yunnan province,and provide scientific evidence for formulating the prevention and control measures.Methods Data of five STDs including syphilis,gonorrhea,genital chlamydia trachomatis infection,condyloma acuminata and genital herpes,which were extracted from the Communicable Disease Surveillance System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System based on the current address with Mengzi from 2018 to 2022,were analyzed.Results In total,2942 cases of STDs were reported;in 2022,806 cases were reported,which was the highest number,and 392 cases were reported in 2018,which was lowest number.The average annual incidences of syphilis,gonorrhea,condyloma acuminata,genital herpes and genital chlamydia trachomatis infection were 51.92/100000,17.78/100000,22.09/100000,6.16/100000 and 21.23/100000,respectively.The overall reported incidence of the five STDs showed an increasing trend as a whole(χ^(2)=72.95,P<0.05).The ratio of male to female infection was 1.05∶1,and the incidence in females was 608.79/100000,which was not significantly different from that in males(601.24/100000)(χ^(2)=0.03,P>0.05).The majority of the cases were aged 20-39(55.47%);47.31%were married;53.33%were Han nationality.The education level of junior high school and below accounted for 62.00%.The occupation of farmers was the most,accounting for 54.76%.The demographic characteristics and composition of different STDs were statistically significant(P<0.05).The majority of cases were found through STD clinics and other patient testing,accounting for 39.94%and 37.08%,respectively.Conclusions In recent five years,the STDs epidemic in Mengzi city showed an increasing trend.It is necessary to strengthen surveillance and take comprehensive prevention and control measures to curb the rapid rise of STDs epidemic and control the spread and prevalence of STDs.