我国国内旅游流循环空间格局及形成机理——基于网络关注度的分析

The Spatial Pattern and Formation Mechanism of Domestic Tourist Flow Circulations——Analysis Based on Network Attention Data

在经济高质量发展和双循环发展格局的背景下,构建旅游内循环成为旅游产业进一步释放消费潜力、实现高质量发展的必要途径。文章利用2019年31个省(区、市)的旅游网络关注度数据,基于旅游流循环强度、流量规模匹配度、流向偏好匹配度3个指标,探究我国国内旅游流循环的空间格局及形成机理。结果表明,各省(区、市)间均存在旅游流双向输出,旅游流循环在不同分析指标下的空间分布格局具有异质性;基于自然断点法、K-均值聚类将旅游流循环划分为不同类型,其中,L-L型旅游流循环个数远多于H-H型,表明国内旅游流循环类型结构不合理;基于二次指派程序(quadratic assignment procedure,QAP)回归分析发现,旅游流循环的影响因素及其边际效应不同。在此基础上,文章提出优化国内旅游流循环空间分布格局、提升旅游流循环质量的建议。

The high-quality economic development and the“dual circulation”development pattern with domestic circulation as the mainstay and domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other are major strategies put forward by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC) based on a penetrating analysis of domestic and international situations while taking into account the actual condition of China's economic and social development.They have pointed out the way forward for bringing China's economy to a new stage of development and opening up new prospects for the development of the cause.As a strategic pillar industry that integrates the primary,secondary and tertiary industries,tourism plays an important role in unleashing the potential of domestic demand,revitalizing the consumer market and ensuring smooth flow of economic activity.Tourist flow is a vital link connecting all elements in the tourism system and can reflect the group characteristics of tourists,making it a classical and important topic in tourism research.With the domestic tourists flow among 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities as the object,this study explored the spatial pattern and formation mechanism of domestic tourist flow circulations based on network attention data in 2019.To present the characteristics of tourist flow circulations as accurately as possible,we selected three indicators,namely,circulation intensity,scale matching degree and preference matching degree.The results show that:First,the two-way flow of domestic tourists in 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities formed 465 tourist flow circulations,and the spatial pattern of circulations under different indicators was heterogeneous.Second,when all three indicators were considered,these circulations could be divided into different types through natural breaks and K-means clustering.Generally,the number of tourist flow circulations in L-L type was much more than that of H-H type,which indicated that the structure of domestic tourism circulations was unreasonable.Third,through QAP analysis,it was found that the factors influencing the three indicators and their marginal effects are different.Based on the above,we can find that domestic tourist flow circulations were characterized by uneven spatial distribution and unreasonable structure.To optimize the spatial pattern and improve the quality of domestic tourist flow circulations,we need to take targeted measures based on core elements.In conclusion,this study put forward a new concept in the field of tourist flow—tourist flow circulations,along with three indicators defined for its evaluation.The spatial distribution pattern,types and formation mechanism have all been revealed.The analytical framework developed in this study provides a meaningful reference for future research on circulation in tourism and economy.Moreover,the results of this study may help managers to learn more about domestic tourists and contribute to the high-quality development of tourism.