复合改良剂对粉煤灰土壤的改良效应研究

Study on the improvement and application of composite materials to the fly ash with loess

针对粉煤灰土地利用中存在土壤结构差、水肥保持力弱和利用率低及重金属超标等问题,研究以腐植酸(HA)、高分子保水剂(SAP)、沸石粉(ZL)和黑矾(FE)为原材料的粉煤灰土壤改良材料,配施不同厚度的黄壤土;通过在河北涉县粉煤灰地土壤进行添加生黄土优化用量试验,研究改良材料施用后,粉煤灰土壤的物理、化学和微生物等指标的变化情况,探索粉煤灰土壤改良的机理。研究结果表明,粉煤灰地土壤添加生黄土改良后,玉米籽粒产量较无客土和改良剂的对照增加94.54%。同时,可有效改良土壤物理结构,提高化学养分。最优组合为添加20%生黄土和13.5 t/hm^(2)复合材料。对粉煤灰和客土应用及粉煤灰地改良有一定参考意义。

With the continuous mining and burning of coal,a large number offly ash was produced.In this study,humic acid(HA),super absorbent polymer(SAP),zeolite powder(ZL)and alum(FE)were used as fly ash soil improvement materials,and loess of different thickness was applied in the fly ash soil of Shexian county,Hebei Province.The soil physical and chemical indexes of fly ash soil were studied after application of improved materials,and the mechanism of fly ash soil improvement was explored.The results showed that the grain yield of corn increased by 94.54%compared with that of the control group without passenger soil and conditioner.At the same time,it can effectively improve soil physical structure and chemical nutrients.The optimal combination was 20%raw loess and 13.5 t/hm^(2) composite material.This study has reference significance for soil conversion and improvement of fly ash soil.