江苏沿海地区养殖脊尾白虾“僵尸病”的防控药物筛选研究

Study on Drug Screening for the Control of"Zombie Disease"in Exopalaemon carinicauda Cultured in Coastal Areas of Jiangsu Province

对近年来江苏沿海地区脊尾白虾养殖中常爆发的“僵尸病”进行了初步的防控药物筛选,试验采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)测定了二尖梅奇酵母MQ2101对18种抗菌类药物的敏感性,并采用微量稀释法测定了8种优选药物及7种常见消杀制剂对二尖梅奇酵母MQ2101的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果显示,在优选的8种抗菌药物中克霉唑、益康唑、制霉菌素、5-氟胞嘧啶、伊曲康唑、酮康唑对二尖梅奇酵母MQ2101具有较好的抑制效果,MIC均为0.125μg·mL^(-1);伊曲康唑对二尖梅奇酵母的杀灭效果最好,MBC为0.25μg·mL^(-1);在常见消杀制剂中高锰酸钾、甲醛对二尖梅奇酵母MQ2101的抑制效果最好,MIC为50μg·mL^(-1),亚甲基蓝、甲醛对二尖梅奇酵母MQ2101的杀灭效果最好,MBC均为200μg·mL^(-1)。最后,本研究结合养殖过程中的实际情况提出了脊尾白虾“僵尸病”的防控建议。

The"zombie disease"has been a recurring issue in the Exopalaemon carinicauda culture along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province in recent years.This study aimed to conduct a preliminary screening of drugs for the prevention and control of this disease.Using the microdilution method,the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of eight preferred drugs and seven common disinfectants were determined against Metschnikowia bicuspidata MQ2101.The results indicated that among the preferred antibacterial drugs,clotrimazole,econazole,mycophenolate,5-fluorocytosine,itraconazole,and ketoconazole had a better inhibitory effect on MQ2101,with an MIC of 0.125μg·mL^(-1).Moreover,itraconazole showed the best killing effect on M.bicuspidata MQ2101 with an MBC of 0.25μg·mL^(-1).Regarding the common disinfection agents,potassium permanganate and formaldehyde had the best inhibitory effect on M.bicuspidata MQ2101,with an MIC of 50μg·mL^(-1),while methylene blue and formaldehyde had the best killing effect on M.bicuspidata MQ2101,with both an MBC of 200μg·mL^(-1).Based on the above findings and the actual farming situation of E.carinicauda,this paper presents prevention and control suggestions for"zombie disease"in E.carinicauda.