瓜类作物辐射花粉诱导双单倍体技术研究进展

Research Progress on Techniques of Inducing Double Haploid by Radiation Pollen of Cucurbits

自然界中自发产生单倍体的概率极低,通过人工单倍体诱导技术能够大大提高单倍体发生概率。辐射花粉授粉诱导雌核发育是瓜类作物获得单倍体胚和单倍体植株的一种重要方式。本文对瓜类作物花粉辐射剂量、基因型、培养基类型、胚培养、倍性鉴定、染色体加倍等影响单倍体育种的关键因素进行论述,并总结了存在的问题,提出了未来的发展趋势,为瓜类作物在该技术的应用和发展提供理论依据。

The probability of spontaneous haploid generation in nature is extremely low,and artificial haploid induction technology can greatly improve the probability of haploid occurrence.Radiation pollination to induce gynogenesis is an important way to obtain haploid embryos and haploid plants in cucurbits.In this paper,the key factors affecting haploid breeding of cucurbits were discussed,such as pollen radiation dose,genotype,culture medium type,embryo culture,ploidy identification,chromosome doubling and so on.The existing problems were summarized,and the future development trend was put forward,which provided a theoretical basis for the application and development of cucurbits in this technology.