超微电极实验:基本原理、制备方法和伏安性能

Ultramicroelectrode Experiments:Principles,Fabrications and Voltmmetric Behaviors

超微电极的电极尺寸小,双电层电容小,IR降小,传质速率快,响应快,信噪比高,兼具时间和空间分辨率,不仅可以研究快速电极反应动力学性质,而且可以作为电化学扫描显微镜探针,实现基底反应活性的成像,在电化学各个领域均有重要应用,成为一种重要的电化学实验方法。本文将扼要介绍超微电极的基本原理、简易的制备方法及伏安性能的表征实验,以期对开展超微电极实验研究的电化学工作者有所裨益。

Due to the small size at least in one dimension(<25μm),ultramicroelectrode(UME)has small electric-double-layer capacitance,low IR drop,rapid mass transfer rate,fast response,high signal/noise ratio and high spatiotenporal resolution.UME is qualified not only to study the kinetics of fast electrode processes,but also to act as the probe of scanning electrochemical microscopies to obtain the localized chemical or electrochemical reactivity of the substrates.Thus,UMEs play a significant role in various research domains of electrochemistry,and have become an important electrochemical experimental method.Herein,we will introduce the basic principles,a simple fabrication method and voltammetric experimental protocols of UME,providing a guide to carry out the UME experiments.