释光测年技术在陶器定年研究中的应用进展

Application progress of luminescence dating technology in pottery dating

陶器释光测年一直是环境考古领域重要的时间界定方法之一。本文通过系统整理释光技术在陶器定年上的主要研究成果,分别从技术方法和应用实践两个方面进行总结和梳理,以阐明其在相应领域的适用性、面临的问题和未来应用潜力。在陶器定年的技术方法上,热释光技术最早应用于陶器测年,但也存在矿物热释光晒退效率较慢、不可重复测试和反映信息较少等问题;光释光测年技术的不断发展拓展了陶器释光测年的技术和方法,近年来相应研究比例也不断提高,但也存在部分年轻样品石英信号较弱、石英光释光信号组分比例影响等效剂量测定等问题。在实践应用上,陶器释光测年技术在世界各地遗址均表现出良好的适用性,能为遗址提供绝对年代测定,以及在多学科交叉的背景下,更多地反映古人地关系演化和文化区域交流。未来需要进一步加强释光技术尤其是光释光技术在陶器测年领域的应用力度,从而更好地服务于环境考古学研究;这对于进一步揭示区域古人地关系演化、文明发展历程和文化区域交流等方面有着重要意义。

Background,aim,and scope Pottery is one of the most common relics of prehistoric sites,and its production techniques,materials,and cultural characteristics are of great significance for understanding the living environment background,living mode,and regional cultural exchanges of ancient people.Meanwhile,pottery luminescence dating is one of the important methods of environmental archaeology.Therefore,it is important to review the application of luminescence dating technique in pottery dating,with special attention to the concerns encountered in the development process.Materials and methods This paper systematically summarizes the development of luminescence dating in pottery dating in the aspects of technical methods and practice respectively to clarify its applicability,limitations,and future application potential.Results In the application of pottery dating,thermoluminescence(TL)was first applied to pottery dating,but there are still some limitations such as slow TL bleaching efficiency of mineral,and non-repeatable measurements.The continuous advancement of optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)has expanded the method of pottery dating.In recent years,the proportion of research on OSL pottery dating is also increasing.However,there are some problems such as weak quartz luminescence signal,particularly in some young samples,and the proportion of quartz luminescence signal components affect the equivalent dose(De)determination.In practice,pottery luminescence dating has shown good applicability in sites worldwide,which can provide absolute dating for sites and reflect the evolution of man-land relationship and the exchange of cultural regions under the background of multi-disciplines.Discussion This paper summarizes some problems in pottery luminescence dating and the corresponding solutions,as well as the prospects for future development.There are significant differences between different regions and types of pottery materials,and the luminescence characteristics of the same minerals(such as quartz and feldspar)are not the same when tested.Therefore,cross-verification using different materials and multiple dating techniques in the test is conducive to improving the accuracy of pottery dating.In addition,the influence of dose rate on the final luminescence age of pottery should not be ignored.At the same time,the background information of pottery unearthed sites should be fully understood as far as possible to provide interval reference for the final age.Conclusions In summary,the rapid development of luminescence technology provides a reliable technical method for the pottery dating,and multiple luminescence dating methods for cross-validation to improve the accuracy and precision of pottery dating.Recommendations and perspectives In the future,it is necessary to further strengthen the application of OSL in the field of pottery dating,so as to better serve the research of environmental archaeology.It is of great significance to further reveal the evolution of man-land relationship and cultural exchanges in the region.