农村集体经济组织的实践考察与立法回应

A Practical Examination of Rural Collective Economic Organizations and Legislative Response

从农村集体产权制度改革的调研情况来看,农村集体经济组织存在法人人格不独立、特殊成员身份认定标准不统一、股权管理及其权能限制不合理等实践问题。对这些实践问题进行法理分析发现,农村集体经济组织具有财产独立和组织独立的必要性和可能性,集体成员身份具有财产性和平等性,股权管理与农地管理具有差异性。农村集体经济组织立法可以通过明确集体经营性资产的法律认定、推进与村民委员会的职能分置、完善成员身份的认定标准和股权管理模式来回应上述实践争议,以体现自身的实践性和科学性。

The survey of the reform of rural collective property rights system shows that there are practical problems of rural collective economic organizations,such as the lack of independence of legal personality,the inconsistent criteria for identifying special membership,and the unreasonable restriction of equity management and its power.Legal analysis of the above practical problems shows that rural collective economic organizations have the necessity and possibility of property independence and organizational independence;collective membership has the nature of property and equality;and there are differences between ownership management and rural land management.The legislation of rural collective economic organizations can respond to the above practical controversies by clarifying the legal recognition of collective business assets,promoting the separation of functions with villagers'committees,and improving the recognition criteria of membership status and equity management mode,so as to reflect its own practicality and scientificity.