论祖先家世对司马迁及《史记》的影响

Influence of the Ancestral Family on Sima Qian and Records of the Grand Historian

通过对司马迁祖先世系的考察分析,讨论其对司马迁性格的塑造所起的作用,以及由此对《史记》产生的影响。司马迁在《史记·太史公自序》中详细记载了自己的祖先世系,细绎其文可知,司马迁并非出身史官世家,而是秦国的军功世家,这对司马迁本人产生了极大的影响,而这种影响也被他带入了《史记》的写作之中。《史记》在很大程度上是司马迁性格的展现,而司马迁的性格则在很大程度上是由他的祖先家世影响而成的。

Through the investigation and analysis of Sima Qian's ancestral family,this paper discusses its role in shaping Sima Qian's character and its influence on Records of the Grand Historian.Sima Qian recorded his ancestral family in detail in the Tai Shigong Self-preface of Records of the Grand Historian.It can be seen that Sima Qian was not born in the official historian family,but the Qin Kingdom's military family,which had a large influence on Sima Qian.And this influence was also reflected in Records of the Grand Historian.Therefore,Records of the Grand Historian reflects Sima Qian's character,and Sima Qian's character is largely influenced by his ancestral family.