中小学课堂教学变革的历程、反思与展望

The Course,Reflection,and Prospect of Classroom Teaching Reform in Primary and Secondary Schools

课堂教学变革是新时代中小学教育改革的重要内容。新中国成立后,课堂教学变革主要经历了五个发展阶段:借鉴与停滞期、恢复与调整期、探索与实验期、推广与创新期、提质与深化期。我国中小学课堂教学在持续变革过程中取得了巨大成效,促使了课堂教学观的持续转变,孕育出了多样化的课堂教学策略,但在趋向多元化学科领域渗透和促动学校内涵发展的同时也遭遇了课堂教学模式在学习与借鉴中的泛化、知识传递型课堂教学对育人功能的弱化等困境。为此,未来的课堂教学变革应基于个性化学习的课堂教学转变,指向核心素养的课堂教学转型,走向“学习与生活共同体”的课堂教学建构。

Classroom teaching reform is one of the important contents of primary and secondary education reform in the new era.After the establishment of the People's Republic of China,the reform of classroom teaching mainly went through five stages of development:reference and stagnation,recovery and adjustment,exploration and experimentation,promotion and innovation,and improvement and deepening.In the process of continuous transformation,significant achievements have been made:promoting the continuous transformation of classroom teaching concepts,nurturing diverse classroom teaching strategies,and moving towards the infiltration of diverse disciplinary fields and promoting the development of school connotations.At the same time,they have also encountered difficulties such as the generalization of classroom teaching models in learning and reference,and the weakening of the educational function of knowledge transfer-based classroom teaching.Therefore,the future classroom teaching reform should be based on the transformation of personalized learning classroom teaching,focusing on the transformation of core literacy classroom teaching,and moving towards the construction of a"learning and life community"classroom teaching.