废旧海绵的改性及其油水分离回收性能的研究

Modification of waste sponge and its oil-water separation and recovery performance

为有效去除废水中的油污,采用溶剂热法制备了Fe3O4纳米颗粒;以废旧聚氨酯海绵为载体,纳米Fe3O4在多巴胺的聚合作用下附着在海绵的骨架上,然后用硬脂酸处理,使海绵获得超疏水性。通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对磁性超疏水海绵(PU@Fe3O4@PDA@SA)进行形貌及晶型结构表征。PU@Fe3O4@PDA@SA海绵表现出优越的超疏水性和98.3%的回弹率。在外加磁场的驱动下,磁性超疏水海绵可快速吸附水中的油性物质,其中对大豆油-水混合物的分离效率达到98.5%,表现出良好的油水分离能力。此外,PU@Fe3O4@PDA@SA海绵可实现连续的油水分离作业,且在循环利用150次后仍保持良好的疏水性和油水分离能力。

In order to effectively remove the oil pollution from wastewater,the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by solvothermal method.The waste polyurethane sponge was used as carrier.And the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were attached to the skeleton of the sponge under the polymerization of dopamine.Finally,the superhydrophobicity of sponge was obtained by the treatment of stearic acid.The morphology and crystal structure of the magnetic super-hydrophobic sponge(PU@Fe3O4@PDA@SA)were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X ray diffraction(XRD).PU@Fe3O4@PDA@SA exhibited superhydrophobicity and a rebound rate of 98.3%.The sample moved under the drive of an external magnetic field,and could quickly adsorb different oily substances in water.The separation efficiency of the magnetic superhydrophobic sponge for soybean oil-water mixture reached 98.5%.In addition,the PU@Fe3O4@PDA@SA could continuously separate the oil-water mixture under the oper-ation of the vacuum pump,and still had good hydrophobicity and oil-water separation ability after 150 cycles of recycling.