铁水包底砌筑结构对应力分布的影响

Influence of masonry structure at bottom of hot metal ladle on stress distribution

随着中国“一包到底”工艺的推广以及大废钢比的发展需求,对铁水包提出了更高的要求。为了延长铁水包的寿命,研究了包底炉衬不同干砌方案对铁水包应力分布的影响,建立了干砌炉衬结构的多尺度本构模型,并与细观模型、简化模型对比验证。基于此多尺度模型分别对十字型、平行式和2种放射式干砌包底炉衬结构进行了有限元模拟,结果表明当接缝尺寸均为0.3 mm时,不同砌筑方式受热面应力差异不大,但受热面接缝闭合规律差异较大,相比较平行式和砖块短边平行于半径方向的放射式包底,十字型和砖块长边平行于半径方向的放射式包底在受热时接缝闭合更均匀,采用后2种砌筑方式可以适当增加膨胀缝尺寸达到优化包底热膨胀应力的目的。

With the promotion of the"one package to the end"process in China and the development demand for a large scrap ratio,higher requirements have been put forward for hot metal ladle.In order to prolong the service life of the ladle,the influence of different masonry bottom structures on the stress distribution of the ladle was studied.A multi-scale constitutive model of mortarless lining structure was established,and it is verified by comparison with the microscopic and the simplified model.Based on multi-scale model,numerical simulations of cross type,parallel type and two radial type mortarless masonry bottom were carried out.The results show that when the joint size is all 0-3 mm,the difference in stress on the heating surface between different masonry methods is not significant,but there is a significant difference in the closure law of the heating surface joint.Compared with the parallel type and the radial type with the short side of the brick parallel to the radial direction,the joint closure of the cross type and the radial type with the long side of the brick parallel to the radial direction is more uniform when heated.The size of the joint can be appropriately increased to optimize the thermal expansion stress of the bottom when the latter two masonry methods are adopted.