工农业绿色生产效率与健康效率研究——基于并行两阶段SBM-DEA模型

Research on Industry and Agricultural Green Production Efficiency and Health Efficiency: Based on the Parallel Two-Stage SBM-DEA Model

农业和工业生产活动创造了GDP,但排放了污染物,这些污染物影响了公众健康。基于2016—2020年中国30个省份的面板数据,应用改进的并行两阶段SBM-DEA模型,构建全新的工农业绿色生产效率-健康效率两阶段理论分析框架,评价工农业绿色生产综合效率、阶段效率(农业绿色生产效率、工业绿色生产效率和健康效率)及指标效率。研究表明:除北京外,其余省份的工农业绿色生产综合效率均值均未达到效率前沿,存在不同程度改善空间;地区间阶段效率差异明显,农业绿色生产效率和健康效率均呈现东部>西部>中部分布格局,而工业绿色生产效率则表现出明显的阶段性特征;农业绿色生产效率值和健康效率值显著低于工业绿色生产效率值;各污染物排放效率表明,中国的环境管制政策取得了良好的效果,但一些省份的环境问题依然严重;污染物排放指标值较高的地区肺结核发病率和食源性疾病患者数的值也较高。要统筹推进区域协调高质量发展,要协同推进生态环境保护和经济发展。

Agricultural and industrial production activities generate GDP,but emit pollutants that affect public health.Based on the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2016 to 2020,a new two-stage theoretical analysis framework of industrial and agricultural green production efficiency-health efficiency is applied to evaluate the overall efficiency,stage efficiency(agricultural green produc-tion efficiency,industrial green production efficiency,and health efficiency)and indicator efficiency of industrial and agricultural green production by applying an improved parallel two-stage SBM-DEA model.The study shows that:except for Beijing,the aver-age value of the overall efficiency of green production in agriculture and industry in all provinces has not reached the efficiency fron-tier,and there is room for improvement to varying degrees;there are obvious differences in stage efficiency between regions,with ag-ricultural green production efficiency and health efficiency showing an eastern>western>central trend distribution,while industrial green production efficiency shows clear stage characteristics;the values of agricultural green production efficiency and health efficien-cy are The efficiency of each pollutant emission indicates that China's environmental control policies have achieved good results,but some provinces still have serious environmental problems;the efficiency of tuberculosis incidence and the number of patients with food-borne diseases is also higher in regions with more efficient pollutant emission indicators.We need to coordinate and promote high-quality regional development,as well as promote ecological and environmental protection and economic development in a coor-dinated manner.