之鱼通转的新认识

A New Observation on the Phonetic Relationship Between the之Group and the鱼Group

之部与鱼部的古音通转关系一直引人瞩目,但是在音理上不易解释。本文从之部的正韵与变韵谈起,认为之部的古本韵应为咍韵变为之韵,“古侈今敛”才合乎元音高化的演变规律。从亲属语言、域外对音、汉语方言、拟声词等角度来看,一些之职蒸部字皆有主元音为a的证据,之职蒸部皆应一分为a与?二部。而混元音?是一个后起的弱化元音,a>?既是汉语发展史上的一个广泛现象,a~?交替也是历史语言学上的一个普遍规律。从a~?交替的角度也更容易解释传统的内言、外言问题。

The key problem of the phonetic relationship between the之group and the鱼group in ancient Chinese is attractive,and dificult to explain by Chinese phonology.This article reminds the original rhyme and the alternate rhyme of the之group,and believes that the original rhyme of the之group should be rhyme,and the alternate rhyme should be之rhyme,which the sound change from the back vowel to the front vowel fits the phonetic law of the vowel raising.The evidences show that some of the之group,the职group,and the蒸group all contains the main vowel[a],and the groups should be divided into[a]and[a]two parts by studing the cognate languages,transliterations,Chinese dialects,onomatopoeias,etc.The schwa[a]is a later vowel reduction,so that the change of[a]>[a]is a general phenomenon in Chinese history,and the alternation of[a]~[a]is also a universal law in historical linguistics.The law of the[a]~[a]alternation is efficient at explaining the traditional problem of internal and external pronunciations.