基因编辑野生动物的法律挑战与应对

Legal Challenges and Responses to Gene Editing in Wild Animals

随着基因编辑野生动物成为现实,基因编辑同时呈现多重身份:一是珍稀濒危野生动物的拯救者与变革者,二是保护野生动物伦理准则变革的推动者。基因编辑野生动物对我国现行法律构成挑战,主要有如下三方面:一是基因编辑打破了立法目标间的平衡,二是基因编辑增加了分类分级难度,三是基因编辑野生动物的主管机关尚不明确。为应对挑战,我国法律应作如下调整:以维护生物多样性统领濒危物种保护,将经过基因编辑的野生动物单独归类,明确生态环境部作为基因编辑的野生动物事务的行政主管机关。

With gene editing of wild animals becoming a reality,gene editing plays multiple roles at the same time:one is the rescuer and modifier of rare and endangered wild animals,and the other is the promoter of the change of the ethical standards of wildlife protection.Gene-edited wildlife poses challenges to the current laws mainly in the fol-lowing three aspects:firstly,gene editing breaks the balance between legislative objectives;secondly,gene editing in-creases the difficulty of classification and grading;thirdly,the administrative organ in charge of gene editing wildlife is not clear.To meet the challenges,laws should be adjusted to protect biodiversity over endangered species,classify gene-edited wildlife separately,and affirm the administrative authority of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.