不同农业土地利用方式对土壤水分物理性质及贮水能力影响研究

Research on the Influence of Different Agricultural Land Use Modes on Soil Water Physical Properties and Water Storage Capacity

为探究不同农业土地利用方式对土壤水分物理性质的影响,选取撂荒地、水稻田和旱田三块样地作为试验地,采用环刀法进行土壤水分物理性质的测定。结果表明,不同农业土地利用方式下0~50 cm土层土壤含水量平均值大小表现为:水稻田(484.05±54.66 g/kg)>旱田(411.87±26.47 g/kg)>撂荒地(257.49±40.00 g/kg);土壤容重平均值大小表现为:撂荒地(1.345±0.156 g/cm^(3))>水稻田(1.293±0.172 g/cm^(3))>旱田(1.139±0.065 g/cm^(3));土壤总孔隙度平均值大小表现为:旱田(57.01±1.48%)>水稻田(48.30±4.52%)>撂荒地(46.61±0.47%);土壤最大蓄水量平均值大小表现为:旱田(570.09±14.76 t/hm^(2))>水稻田(483.02±45.17 t/hm^(2))>撂荒地(466.09±4.72 t/hm^(2)),土壤毛管蓄水量与土壤最大蓄水量变化规律一致。可见,旱田的土壤结构及土壤蓄水能力均好于撂荒地和水稻田,一定程度的农业活动,将有助于改善土壤的结构及提高土壤贮水能力。

In order to explore the influence of different agricultural land use modes on soil moisture physical properties,three sample plots of abandoned land,paddy field and dry field were selected as experimental plots,and the ring knife method was used to measure soil water physical properties.The results showed that the average soil water content of 0~50cm soil layer under different agricultural land use patterns was as follows:paddy field(484.05±54.66g/kg)>dry field(411.87±26.47g/kg)>abandoned land(257.49±40.00g/kg).The average soil bulk density is:abandoned land(1.345±0.156g/cm^(3))>paddy field(1.293±0.172g/cm^(3))>dry field(1.139±0.065g/cm^(3)).The average value of total soil porosity is:dry field(57.01±1.48%)>paddy field(48.30±4.52%)>abandoned land(46.61±0.47%).The average value of soil maximum water storage capacity is:dry field(570.09±14.76t/hm^(2))>paddy field(483.02±45.17t/hm^(2))>abandoned land(466.09±4.72t/hm^(2)).The change law of soil capillary water storage is consistent with the maximum water storage.It can be seen that the soil structure and water storage capacity of dry fields are better than those of abandoned land and paddy fields.A certain degree of agricultural activities will help improve soil structure and soil water physical properties.