斜向波对斜坡堤胸墙波浪力的折减效应研究

Reduction effect of oblique wave attacks on crest wall wave force of rubble mound breakwaters

总结对比了国内外现有斜向波作用下直立堤和斜坡堤胸墙波浪力折减计算方法。以北非某港口新建斜坡堤为例进行计算,并与二维、三维物理模型试验结果对比验证。结果表明:波向角呈30°作用于斜坡堤时,van Gent公式计算的单位堤长波浪力折减系数与实测值最接近,各直立堤单位堤长波浪力折减公式对斜坡堤胸墙计算整体偏保守;Mares-Nasarre公式计算的总波浪力纵向折减系数与实测值整体吻合较好,但未考虑水平力与浮托力的折减效应差异,与试验结果仍存在一定偏差;李玉成等的直立堤总波浪力纵向折减公式不适用本斜坡堤胸墙算例。研究成果可为类似港口工程提供参考。

This paper summarizes and compares the existing formulas for the wave force reduction of crest walls on vertical breakwaters and rubble mound breakwaters under oblique wave attacks.The paper takes a new rubble mound breakwater of a port in North Africa as an example and compares the calculation results with the results of two-dimensional and three-dimensional physical model tests.The results show that for rubble mound breakwaters under oblique wave attack of 30 degrees,the unit-length reduction coefficient of wave force calculated by van Gent formula fits best with the measured value,and the unit-length wave force reduction formula of each vertical breakwater is conservative in the calculation of crest wall on rubble mound breakwaters.The longitudinal reduction coefficient of total wave force calculated by Mares-Nasarre formula is in good agreement with the measured value,but the difference in reduction effects between horizontal and uplift forces is not considered,and there is still some deviation from the experimental results.The longitudinal reduction formula of the total wave force of the vertical breakwater proposed by LI Yucheng et al.is not applicable to the calculation of the crest wall on rubble mound breakwaters.The research can provide a reference for similar port projects.