物候记忆在场与云南山地民族的气象灾害防御

The Presence of Phenological Memory and the Prevention of Meteorological Disasters of Yunnan Mountainous Peoples

云南山地民族在长期的农耕生产生活中积累着丰富的物候知识,记录着其对气象变化的应对以及在特定时间和空间的活动,具有明显的地方性和在场性。在知识传统本土化的氛围中,云南山地民族的物候知识作为农耕文化遗产的记忆载体用于气象灾害防御,体现出以“在场”为特点的物候记忆在气象灾害防御实践中的价值,这超越了记忆在哈布瓦赫视野中“对过去的重构”的论断,不但为气象灾害防御的农耕文化遗产的传承提供着认同性保护的文化空间,而且为当前的气象灾害防御提供着地方化的实践探索。

The mountainous peoples of Yunnan have accumulated rich knowledge of phenology in their long term farming and production life,which is recording their responses to meteorological changes and their activities at specific times and spaces,with obvious characters of localization and being present.In the atmosphere of localization of knowledge tradition,as the memory carrier of farming cultural heritage,the weather knowledge,characterized by“being present”(在场),is used in meteorological disaster defense,therefore shows its value in the practice.It transcends the assertion of"reconstruction of the past"of Halbwachs.It not only provides the cultural space of identitive protection for the inheritance of farming cultural heritage of meteorological disaster defense,but also provides a practical localized exploration for current meteorological disaster defense.