新自由主义危机时代的资本主义国家——佩里·安德森晚近政治思想评析

The Capitalist State in the Era of Neo-liberal Crisis—A Review of Perry Anderson's Late Political Thought

作为知名的左翼知识分子,佩里·安德森始终以批判视角对资本主义社会进行前瞻性理论思考。进入21世纪后,在新自由主义危机的时代背景下,安德森重返考察当代资本主义国家的理论现场,清晰阐明了他对新自由主义危机时代西方发达资本主义国家或国家联盟的现状与前途的洞见。在安德森看来,欧盟目前取得的成功不是价值观的胜利,而且已经成为新自由主义全球秩序中最薄弱的一环,但并不会很快走向终结。针对当前美国的霸权地位,安德森现实地、历史地回答了美国霸权的本质、历史与未来走向,强调21世纪的大国协调机制必将导致美国霸权的衰落,通过把握21世纪以来安德森关于欧盟和美国的政治思考,为我们理解当代资本主义国家提供了有益的理论借鉴。

As a well-known left-wing intellectual,Perry Anderson has always been a forward-looking theoretical thinker on capitalist society from a critical perspective.After entering the 21st century,in the context of the neo-liberal crisis,Anderson returns to the theoretical scene of examining the contemporary capitalist state and clearly articulates his insight into the present and future of the Western advanced capitalist states or the Union of States in the era of neo-liberal crisis.In Anderson's view,the current success of the EU is not a triumph of values and has become the weakest link in the neo-liberal global order,but it is not coming to an end any time soon.In response to the current U.S.hegemony,Anderson realistically and historically answers the nature,history,and future direction of U.S.hegemony,emphasizing that the coordination mechanism of great powers in the 21st century will certainly lead to the decline of U.S.hegemony.By grasping Anderson's political thinking on the EU and the US in the 21st century,it provides us with useful theoretical references for understanding the contemporary capitalist state.