“国家化”进程与史志书写:清至民国时期的威宁史志书写演变考察

The Process of “Nationalization” and the Writing of Historical Records: An Investigationon the Evolution of the Writing of Historical Records in Weining fromthe Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

清初期的“改土归流”是西南地区“国家化”的重大进展,象征国家正统的汉文史志书写制式渐次覆盖威宁的“彝式”表达传统。清中期,威宁史志文献的编纂逐渐系统化,形成圈层般的地方史志叙述阶序。民国时期,“国家化”尚未全面深入西南乡村地区,威宁官员纂写的史志文本变异成推行政务的参考资料;由底层士人纂修的方志文献则呈现出矛盾形态,内容、架构和理念上既有守旧,也有革新。总之,不同“国家化”进程时期,史志文本的书写目的、架构安排和主题倾向亦因应变化。

In the early Qing Dynasty,the“bureaucratization of native officers”was a significant progress in the“nationalization”of southwest China,and the“Yi style”expression tradition of Weining was gradually covered by the orthodox writing system of Chinese historical records,which symbolized the country.In the middle of the Qing Dynasty,the compilation of Weining historical records was gradually systematized,forming a circle like order of narration of local historical records.During the Period of the Republic of China,the“nationalization”had not fully penetrated into the rural areas of southwest China,and the historical records written by Weining officials mutated into reference materials for carrying out government affairs.The local chronicles compiled by the lower class scholars showed contradictory forms,with both conservative and innovative contents,structure and ideas.All in all,the writing purpose,structure arrangement and theme tendency of historical records have changed in different periods of“nationalization”process.