苗族民间故事《诺徘与蒙诗彩奏》中的“神话母题”研究

A Study of the “Motif of Myth” in Miao People’s Folktale Nuo Pai and Meng Shi Cai Zou

《诺徘与蒙诗彩奏》是一个苗族民间故事,广泛流传于我国西南苗族居住区和泰国、越南、老挝、美国以及法国等国家的苗族聚集区。作品主要讲述了诺徘和蒙诗彩奏这对苗族男女青年之间的故事,体现了苗族先民的原始思维和苗族文化的多样性,具有历史、文化、教育、美学等多方面的价值。遗憾的是,目前评论界对该故事的关注和分析较少。从神话原型批评视角对该故事进行挖掘分析,发现故事中隐藏着感生、复仇、经历磨难和复活等丰富的神话母题,所以与其说《诺徘与蒙诗彩奏》是苗族的一个民间故事,毋宁说它是苗族的一个神话传说。

Nuo Pai and Meng Shi Cai Zou is a Miao People’s folktale which is widely popular in Miao People’s residential areas in Southwestern China and in other countries,such as Thailand,Vietnam,Laos,America and France.Filled with lots of research value in history,culture,education,aesthetics etc,the tale is mainly about a story of a pair of Miao young men,Nuo Pai and Meng Shi Cai Zou.It embodies forefathers’primitive thought and cultural diversity of the Miao People.Unfortunately,there has been little concern and research on it at present.From the perspective of mythological archetype,the paper is a profound analysis of the story and it is found that there are abundant motifs in the story,such as motif of inductive child-bearing,revenge,suffering and resurrection etc.Therefore,Nuo Pai and Meng Shi Cai Zou is much more a mythological than a folk story of the Miao People.