成体神经发生损伤与调控在神经退行性疾病中的新进展

Progress in the study of the dysfunction and regulation of adult neurogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases

成体神经发生在哺乳动物大脑中持续存在,新生神经元能够整合到已有神经网络并参与调节神经网络兴奋性。在增龄性相关的神经退行性疾病发生发展过程中,成体神经发生易受局部微环境的影响,成体神经发生异常与神经退行性疾病患者的焦虑、抑郁和认知障碍密切相关。本文系统性总结神经退行性疾病(阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和亨廷顿病)患者和动物模型的成体神经发生异常的病理机制,探讨靶向调控成体神经发生在衰老相关的神经退行性疾病中的应用效果,为预防和治疗神经退行性疾病提供新的思路和方法。

Adult neurogenesis(ANG)exists in almost all mammalian brains,and newborn neurons can integrate into the existing neural network and participate in regulating the excitability of the neural network.ANG is vulnerable to the pathologic microenvironment in the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases.Aberrant ANG correlates with depression,anxiety and cognition decline in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.In this review,we summarize the study on the mechanism underlying aberrant ANG and the effects of modulating ANG on neurodegenerative diseases(Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease),thus providing new insights into or therapy targets for neurodegenerative diseases.