基线段长度限定的领海基点优化选取算法

Optimal Selection Algorithm of Territorial Sea Baseline Points with the Limitation of Baseline Length Threshold

由于直线基线具有易于实施管理、与沿岸低潮线变化关联较小,且有利于当事国获得更大管辖海域等优点,广泛应用于沿海国家领海基点选取及基线的确定。针对当前直线基线系统中基点选取方法存在的问题,在利用凸壳生成算法确定理想基点的基础上,结合《联合国海洋法公约》对基线段长度的限定,分析了基于备选基点的基线图构建及优化原理,通过基点间通视性判定准则的建立,构建了内水面积最大化原则下的备选基点快速判定及优化选取模型,设计了面向最优基线图生成的备选基点点序确定步骤,提出了一种基线段长度阈值限定的领海基点优化选取算法,实现了基线段长度阈值限制和内水面积最大化联合约束条件下的备选基点快速选取。实验分析表明,该算法可实现基线段长度阈值限定条件下,优选基点所构基线图多边形面积的最小化(内水面积最大化),且具有较高的算法效率,可为沿海国家尤其是群岛国家领海基点的选取及直线基线的确定提供技术支持。

Objectives:The straight baseline,which has the advantages of easy management,less correlation with the change of low tide line,and being conductive to the parties to obtain a lager jurisdiction area,is widely used in the baseline points selection and baselines determination of territorial sea in coastal countries.However,as coastal countries pay more attention to maritime rights and interests,the selection of baseline points in the current straight line system has become an urgent problem to be solved.Methods:First,based on the determination of ideal baseline points by convex hull construction algorithm,and combined with the limitation of baseline length in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,the baseline graph construction and prioritization theory based on alternative baseline points is analyzed.Then,by erecting the intervisibility judging principle between baseline points,a fast judgment and optimal selection model of alternative baseline points under the principle of maximum internal water area is established,and an alternative baseline point order determination steps for optimal baseline graph is designed.Finally,we propose an optimal selection algorithm of territorial sea baseline points with the limitation of baseline length threshold,which realizes the rapid selection of alternative baseline points under the limitation of baseline length threshold and internal water area maximization.Results:The results show that the proposed algorithm can minimize the polygon area of the baseline graph(maximum the area of internal water) constructed by the optimal base point under the condition of baseline length limitation,and has a high algorithm efficiency.Conclusions:Our proposed The algorithm can provide technical support for the selection of the baseline point of territorial sea of coastal countries,especially the archipelago countries and the determination of the straight baseline.