异化理论和政治经济学批判——对《巴黎手稿》“私有财产”命题的分析性考察

Theory of Alienation and the Critique of Political Economy:An Analytical Examination of the Proposition of“Private Property”in the Paris Manuscripts

马克思思想的发展是一个连续的过程,这至少体现在他在《巴黎手稿》中对“私有财产是异化劳动的必然结果”这一命题的论述及其后续思想之中。在对这一命题的论证过程中,马克思提出的某些本体论思想仍然在原则上适用于其晚期的政治经济学批判;在方法论上,马克思这一论证过程中所存在的缺陷在于没有像其晚期那样严格区分“具体”和“抽象”,并根据具体的私有财产事实得出一个抽象的私有财产概念;但他对异化劳动起源的追溯已经包含了解决这一问题的可能性,而这对于理解后来的“资本原始积累”问题具有重要的借鉴意义。在当前对《资本论》及其他政治经济学批判文本进行哲学阅读的语境下,马克思早期思想尤其是《巴黎手稿》中的异化理论具有不容忽视的价值。

concept of private property based on the concrete fact of private property.However,his tracing of the origin of alienated labor already contains the possibility of solving this problem,which is significant for understanding the question of“primitive accumulation of capital”.In the current context of philosophical interpretation of Das Kapital and other texts related to the critique of political economy,Marx's early thoughts,especially the theory of alienation in the Paris Manuscripts,provide valuable implications that cannot be overlooked.