检察公益诉讼在金融领域的拓展与边界

Expansion and Boundary of Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation in Financial Sector

我国金融公益保护的缺陷为检察公益诉讼提供了拓展至金融领域的空间。但检察公益诉讼作为非常规手段,延伸至金融领域时需要明确其介入空间与边界。检察机关的介入空间应以检察公益诉讼可解决的金融公益的现有保护困境为限,具体包括纯粹性金融公益产权人缺位困境与集合性公益集体行动困境。金融检察公益诉讼的介入限度在适用范围上以必要性为标准,适用顺位上遵循谦抑性。金融公益一线保护失灵时方可以适当的金融检察公益诉讼手段介入,但如同时可以适用其他金融公益救济手段,应优先适用其他手段。如其他的替代性程序失效,确需适用金融检察公益诉讼程序,也应当在功能可相互替代的程序中优先适用制度成本较低的程序。

The shortcomings in the protection of financial public welfare in our country have provided room for the expansion of prosecutorial public interest litigation into the financial sector.However,as an unconventional means,prosecutorial public interest litigation needs to be extended to the financial sector with clear space and boundaries.The involvement of prosecutorial agencies should be limited to the existing protection challenges of financial public interests that can be addressed through prosecutorial public interest litigation,including the dilemma of the absence of property owner of pure financial public interest and the dilemma of collective action.The extent of intervention by financial prosecutorial public interest litigation should be based on the necessity criterion in terms of applicability,and the principle of modesty in terms of priority.Financial prosecutorial public interest litigation can be appropriately introduced when frontline protection of financial public interests fails,and if other financial remedies are simultaneously available,those should be given priority.If alternative procedures prove ineffective and it is necessary to apply the financial prosecutorial public interest litigation procedure,priority should also be given to procedures with lower institutional costs that can mutually substitute each other’s functions.