基于肿瘤微环境的三维多细胞共培养模型构建方法

Construction methods of 3D multicellular co⁃culture model based on tumor microenvironment

恶性肿瘤有很高的发病率和病死率。尽管研究开发了大量抗肿瘤药物,但其临床疗效并不如意,这与复杂的肿瘤微环境(TME)密切相关。传统单一类型细胞的二维(2D)培养模型难以模拟TME空间结构中各种细胞的相互作用,阻碍了基于真实世界的药物研发。体外多细胞共培养的三维(3D)肿瘤球模型由于能更好地模拟体内TME,已逐渐成为最有前景的肿瘤生物学及抗肿瘤药物研究方法之一。中药具有多成分、多层次、多靶点协同发挥抗肿瘤作用的特点,单一类型细胞的2D模型往往不能反映中药整体作用,更适合采用多细胞共培养3D肿瘤球模型研究。综述了多细胞共培养3D模型的分类及构建方法。

Malignant tumors have high morbidity and mortality.Although a large number of anti-tumor drugs have been developed,their clinical efficacy is unsatisfactory,which is closely related to the complex tumor microenvironment(TME).It is difficult to simulate the interaction of various cells in the spatial structure of TME by traditional two-dimensional(2D)culture models of a single cell type,which hinders the drug research and development based on the real world.In vitro multicellular co-culture three-dimensional(3D)tumor spheroid models have gradually become the most promising approaches for tumor biology and anti-tumor drug research because it can better simulate in vivo TME.Traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of synergistic anti-tumor effects through multi-component,multi-level and multi-target.However,2D models of a single cell type often cannot reflect the overall effects of traditional Chinese medicine,making multicellular co-culture 3D tumor spheroid models more suitable for its research.This article reviews the classification and construction methods of 3D multicellular co-culture models.