云南地区院外应急救援护士心理健康状况的调查分析

Mental Health Status of Emergency Rescue Nurses inYunnan Province

目的 了解云南地区参加院外应急救援护士的心理健康状况及影响因素,为制定针对性的应急救援护士心理健康干预方案提供参考。方法 采用目的抽样法,选取云南地区部分医疗机构2022年参加院外应急救援的护士作为研究对象,采用一般情况调查问卷、凯斯勒心理困扰量表(Kessler Psychological Distress Scale10-item,K10)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7,GAD-7)及抑郁症筛查量表(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)进行调查。结果 有19.1%的研究对象心理健康状况较差,单因素分析显示生育情况与参加院外应急救援次数两个因素为影响心理健康状况的重要因素,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),多因素分析显示生育情况及参加院外应急救援次数≥3次为影响心理健康状况的独立危险因素(均P <0.05);有25.4%的研究对象存在不同程度的焦虑症状,职务为影响焦虑的重要因素,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);有27.3%的研究对象有不同程度的抑郁症状,调查因素对研究对象的抑郁状况影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 生育情况与参加院外应急救援次数两个因素为影响应急救援护士心理健康的重要因素,担任职务是应急救援护士产生焦虑的影响因素。管理者需加强对应急救援护士心理状况的关注,制定合理有效的应急救援人员调配方案,并定期开展有针对性的心理干预,避免应急救援护士发生更为严重的心理问题。

Objective To understand the mental health status and influencing factors of nurses participating in out-of-hospital emergency rescue in Yunnan province,and to provide reference for formulating targeted mental health intervention programs for emergency rescue nurses.Methods The purposive sampling method was used to select nurses from selected medical institutions in Yunnan Province who participated in out-of-hospital emergency rescue in 2022 as the research subjects.General demographic questionnaires,the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10(K10),the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7(GAD-7),and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)were used for the investigation.Results 19.1%of the research subjects had poor psychological health.Univariate analysis showed that the factors of reproductive status and the number of out-of-hospital emergency rescue incidents were important factors affecting psychological health status,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that reproductive status and participating in out-of-hospital emergency rescue incidents≥3 times were independent risk factors affecting psychological health status(both P<0.05).Furthermore,25.4%of the research subjects had varying degrees of anxiety symptoms,and job position was an important factor influencing anxiety,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).27.3%of the research subjects had varying degrees of depression symptoms,and the investigated factors did not have a statistically significant impact on the depression status of the research subjects(P>0.05).Conclusion Reproductive status and the number of out-of-hospital emergency rescue incidents are important factors influencing the psychological health of emergency rescue nurses,while job position is a factor influencing their anxiety.Managers need to pay attention to the psychological status of emergency rescue nurses,develop rational and effective emergency rescue personnel allocation plans,and regularly conduct targeted psychological interventions to prevent more severe psychological problems among emergency rescue nurses.