莆仙戏清代手抄剧本方言俗字俗词例释

Exemplify Research on Difficult Folk Forms in the AncientManuscripts of Puxian Opera in the Qing Dynasty

宋元南戏“活化石”莆仙戏作为我国最古老的剧种之一,具有极高的研究价值。在传世的清代古戏文抄本中保留了珍贵的语言线索,戏文中方言用字极具地方特色,与其他闽方言的戏文用字大不相同,是观察莆仙方言口语演变的历史窗口。通过对十七个剧目清代古抄本的校对、梳理,选取“[亻那]、[口店]、■、迈、不但”五个常用字词详加考释,以补方言史、戏剧史材料。

As one of the oldest plays in China,Puxian Opera,a living fossil of Southern Opera,has extremely high research value.Precious language clues have been preserved in the ancient manuscripts in the Qing Dynasty.The dialect characters used in the opera texts are highly local and different from those in other Min dialects.They serve as a historical window for observing the evolution of spoken language in Puxian dialect.Through proofreading and sorting out the ancient manuscripts of 17 plays in the Qing Dynasty,we have further examined five words such as“[亻那]、[口店]、■、迈、不但”.