梁启超重塑国民精神的实践与新小说

On New Novels and the Practice of Liang Qichao to Restore the National Spirit

梁启超提出以“新民”为核心的新理念,强调民族精神和时代精神对国家生存及发展的重要作用,期望引进欧美、日本的思想文化来激发民族文化中积极进取的成分,尤其推崇现代政治理想和科学精神。他积极倡导的“新小说”承载了国人欲改变落后现状的迫切愿望和对理想社会形态的渴求,考察其“新小说”可以发现,其中蕴藏了国人思想观念的转变和时代精神的特质等丰富信息,展现了勇气和求新精神,突破了传统文学的陈旧内涵,创造了文学的新世界。

“New people”is the core of a series of new ideas advocated by Liang Qichao(1873-1929)to emphasize the importance of spirit of the nation and the time to the survival and development of a nation.Liang hoped to introduce the ideology and culture of the West and Japan to evoke the progres‐sive and pioneering elements in traditional Chinese culture.He highly praised the modern political ideal and scientific spirit above all other schools of philosophy.The“new novels”advocated by Liang embod‐ied the urgent desire of the Chinese people to replace the backward society with an ideal one.A close look at these“new novels”reveals rich information contained within,such as transformation of thinking,nature of spirit of the time,courage,and the spirit to abandon the old for the new.“New novels”arguably broke through the old connotation of traditional literature and created a new world of literature.