“桥梁”与“安全”交叠:中越边境人口跨界自发流动及其双重效应——基于对云南H县的调查分析

Communication and Security:On Spontaneous Cross-border Population Shift between China and Vietnam and its Dual Effects-Based on Survey and Analysis of H County,Yunnan Province

边境是国家治理的一个特殊区域,其人口跨界自发流动与国家治理的逻辑紧密关联。研究通过对中越边境云南段H县的实地调查,发现这一区域的人口跨界自发流动不仅类型多样,而且其在人口流向、人口规模变化及合法性等方面呈现出一些突出特点。同时,其对国家边境秩序的影响呈现出双重效应:一方面发挥着“桥梁”作用,有利于增进毗邻国家间的利益;另一方面对国家边境的治理也构成“安全”挑战,特别是在疫情防控期间,其引发的卫生安全成为边境治理的最大挑战。在边境人口跨界自发流动的治理实践中,需要巧妙地在“桥梁”与“安全”所交叠的双重效应下维持平衡,以增进毗邻国家及人民之间的共同福祉。

Border areas are special in terms of governance as the spontaneous cross-border popula‐tion shift in such areas is closely related to the logic of governance of a country.This paper is a field study of H County,Yunnan Province,a county neighboring Vietnam.In addition to a variety of categories of spontaneous cross-border population shift,this study identifies some outstanding characteristics in terms of direction,scale and legitimacy of said population shift.Such population shift has dual effects on social order of the border areas of a country.On the one hand,it is a bridge that can help communication between the two countries for mutual benefit and,on the other hand,it presents challenges to governance of the border areas,especially at some special moments,such as during the pandemic years when public health security was top priority for governance.For governance in areas of high spontaneous cross-bor‐der population mobility,it is,therefore,necessary that certain techniques be applied to maintaining a bal‐ance between aforesaid dual effects for the benefits of the two neighboring peoples.