基于三螺旋理论视角下提升云南省大学生就业质量的对策研究

On Measures to Enhance Employment Quality of University Graduates of Yunnan from the Perspective of the Triple Helix Theory

对大学生就业质量的关注是国家高质量发展背景下高等教育产出的应有之义,本文基于对云南省不同办学层次、不同地域5所高校2019-2021届毕业生就业质量的实证分析发现,近几年云南省大学生的就业形势基本稳定,但存在就业行业分布比较集中、劳动力市场供求“冷热不均”,就业心态趋于“求稳”,体制内就业竞争激烈,自主创业比例不高、多集中在创业门槛相对不高的行业,用人单位对毕业生综合素质要求更高等趋势。本文依据“三螺旋”理论分析产生这些问题的原因,探讨加强高校、政府、用人单位三者在解决大学生就业工作中协同发力的举措,提升毕业生适应多元劳动力市场需求的能力,以此提高就业质量。

Attention to employment quality of university graduates is a necessary commitment of higher education under the background of high-quality development of the whole country.This research,based on an empirical analysis of employment quality of graduates of years 2019-2021 of five of Yunnan’s universities of different levels in different regions,finds that in general employment of Yunnan’s uni‐versity graduates is fairly stable but highly concentrated in terms of industrial sector and uneven in terms of demand on the labor market.Other issues identified by the research include intense competition for in-system jobs,low percentage in self-employment entrepreneuring,high percentage of entrepreneurs in low-threshold industries,and increasingly higher requirements from employers on university graduates.This paper applies the Triple Helix theory to analyze the reasons underlying these issues,hoping to identi‐fy measures for universities,the government and the employers to join hands to tackle existing problems facing employment of university graduates and help them adapt faster to the diversified labor market,so as to eventually enhance employment quality.