文化交混语境下的身份重建——古尔纳小说中的记忆书写

Identity Reconstruction in the Context of Cultural Hybridity:Abdulrazak Gurnah's Writing from Memory

记忆书写几乎贯穿了非裔英国作家古尔纳的创作生涯。早年的成长环境和流散异邦的生活经历使其饱受文化归属的焦虑和自我认同的危机。古尔纳在故乡和异国的重叠语境中,将个体的记忆与历史记忆、文化记忆有机地结合起来。经由模仿和誊写,在作品中构建起多元文化交混的文本空间,为读者展示了东非地区复杂多层的文化地貌,挑战着西方文学针对东非地区和族裔或隐或显的刻板印象,也形成了颠覆殖民主义话语和思想操控的力道。

Writing from memory threads through Tanzanian Nobel laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah's career as a writer.His early life in Zanzibar and diasporic experience in England haunts him and makes him suffer from trauma memories and identity crisis.Breaking through national,racial,and cultural boundaries,Gurnah blend in his works the memories at the personal,historical,and social levels.His fictions not only reveal the sophisticated cultural topography of eastern Africa which witnesses the cross-cutting of Swahili and Muslim cultures,but also challenge the stereotyped images of Africa forged by the colonialism discourse.