乡村教师专业发展现代化的向度、困境及其超越

The Direction,Dilemma,and Transcendence of Modernization of Rural Teachers’Professional Development

乡村教师专业发展现代化是将共性化教育理念与乡土化教育特质统整融合,在回应全球教育趋势和乡村教育诉求中促成乡村教师发展理念、知识结构、教学能力和教育情感等发生积极变化的过程。乡村教师专业发展现代化的向度表现为秉持“嵌入乡土”的发展理念、优化“取材乡土”的知识结构、强化“回应乡土”的教学能力和培育“热爱乡土”的教育情怀等方面。乡村教师专业发展现代化的困境在于发展理念失真,专业化思维制约着公共精神的扩散;知识结构失衡,乡土知识被挤压排除在专业知识体系外;能力养成失准,过于重视对教学技术手段的掌握与运用;乡土文化失落,教育情怀在向乡土社会扩散中面临枯竭。回归乡土世界以彰显乡村教师的公共责任担当、补充乡土知识以完善乡村教师的知识结构体系、转化乡土智慧以提升乡村教师的教学回应能力、厚植乡土情怀以涵养乡村教师的乡土文化品性,是破除乡村教师专业发展现代化困境的应然路径。

The modernization of rural teachers’professional development is the process of integrating the concept of universal education with the characteristics of local education,and promoting positive changes in rural teachers’developmental concepts,knowledge structures,teaching abilities,and educational emotions in response to global education trends and rural education demands.The direction of modernization of rural teachers’professional development is reflected in adhering to the developmental concept of“embedding in local areas”,optimizing the knowledge structure of“drawing from local areas”and so on,strengthening the teaching ability of“responding to local areas”,and cultivating the educational sentiment of“loving local areas”and so on.The dilemma of modernizing the professional development of rural teachers lies in the distortion of developmental concepts and the constraints of professional thinking on the diffusion of public spirit;the knowledge structure is imbalanced,and local knowledge is squeezed and excluded from the professional knowledge system;inaccurate ability development and excessive emphasis on the mastery and application of teaching techniques;the loss of local culture and the depletion of educational sentiment in the process of spreading to local society.Returning to the local world to demonstrate the public responsibility of rural teachers,supplementing local knowledge to improve the knowledge structure system of rural teachers,transforming local wisdom to enhance the teaching response ability of rural teachers,and thickly planting local emotions to cultivate the local cultural character of rural teachers,are the necessary paths to break through the modernization dilemma of rural teachers’professional development.