贵州普定县人居环境气候条件分析

Analysis of Climatic Conditions of Human Settlements in Puding County of Guizhou Province

利用普定国家气象观测站1971年1月1日—2022年2月28日逐日平均气压、平均气温、平均相对湿度、平均风速、降水量等气象资料以及普定县空气污染物日均浓度、空气质量指数(AQI)等资料,运用人体舒适度指数、气象要素与污染物浓度的相关性、人体舒适度与空气质量相关性分析方法,分析普定县近50 a的人居环境气候条件。结果表明:普定县平均气温、平均风速以及日照时数呈增加趋势,相对湿度、降水量以及气压呈降低趋势。常年体感主要为凉(3级)—最舒适(5级)之间,全年体感无寒冷及酷热等级,且体感舒适(含凉舒适及最舒适)月份主要为4—10月,占全年58%。普定县气温上升、风速增大、气压下降的趋势有利于污染物浓度降低,空气质量好;而相对湿度降低、降水量减少的趋势不利于污染物浓度降低,影响空气质量。普定县空气质量以4—5月、7—11月为优,且其四季空气质量均为优,表明空气质量好,人体舒适度高,适宜人居。

Using the meteorological data of daily average atmospheric pressure,average temperature,average relative humidity,average wind speed,precipitation of Puding National Meteorological Observation Station from January 1,1971 to February 28,2022,and the daily average concentration of air pollutants and air quality index(AQI)in Puding County,through the analysis methods of human comfort index,correlation between meteorological elements and pollutant concentration,correlation between human comfort and air quality were used to analyze the living environment and climate conditions of nearly 50 a in Puding County.The results show that the average temperature,average wind speed and sunshine hours of Puding County showed an increasing trend,while the relative humidity,precipitation and air pressure showed a decreasing trend.The perennial physical feeling is mainly between cool(level 3)-the most comfortable(level 5),and there is no cold and heat level throughout the year,and the comfortable month(including cool comfort and most comfortable)is mainly from April to October,accounting for 58% of the year.The trend of rising temperature,increasing wind speed and decreasing air pressure in Puding County is conducive to reducing pollutant concentration and good air quality,while the trend of decreasing relative humidity and decreasing precipitation is not conducive to reducing pollutant concentration and affecting air quality.The air quality in Puding County is excellent from April to May and July to November,and the air quality in all seasons is excellent,indicating that the air quality is good,the human comfort is high,and it is suitable for human habitation.