小学全科教师跨学科教学问题研究

A Study on the Interdisciplinary Teaching Problems of Primary School General Teachers

开展跨学科教学对小学全科教师具有重要意义和价值。本研究以63位在职小学全科教师作为典型案例,采用混合研究方法,分析小学全科教师跨学科教学的现状与问题:信念上,认同跨学科教学的价值,但对跨学科教学内涵了解不够;实施上,普遍认为跨学科教学困难,实施多为“一带而过”的浅层方式;效果上,跨学科教学评价开展不足,难以满足对跨学科教学效果的良好期望等问题。研究认为:受传统分学科教学观念束缚,跨学科教学知识基础薄弱,跨学科教学条件不足等是出现以上问题的原因。研究针对培养小学全科教师跨学科教学素养提出建议:教育部门需要加大跨学科教学理念引领,促进小学全科教师主动转变教学观念;高校需要改革小学全科教师培养模式,优化小学全科教师跨学科知识结构;学校需要提供跨学科教学的资源,健全跨学科教研机制,积累小学全科教师跨学科教学的经验等。

Conducting interdisciplinary teaching is of great significance and value to primary school general subject teachers.This study takes 63 in-service primary school general subject teachers as typical cases and adopts a mixed research method.Some conclusions are found:in terms of beliefs,primary school general subject teachers agree with the value of interdisciplinary teaching,but have insufficient understanding of the connotation of interdisciplinary teaching.In terms of implementation,it is generally believed that interdisciplinary teaching is difficult and the implementation is often a shallow approach of“passing through one step at a time”.In terms of effectiveness,the lack of interdisciplinary teaching evaluation is difficult to meet the good expectations for interdisciplinary teaching effectiveness.Research suggests that the reasons for the above problems are the constraints of traditional interdisciplinary teaching concepts,weak knowledge foundation in interdisciplinary teaching,and insufficient interdisciplinary teaching conditions.Regarding the cultivation of interdisciplinary teaching literacy for primary school general practitioners,research suggests that the education departments need to increase the guidance of interdisciplinary teaching concepts and promote primary school general practitioners to actively change their teaching concepts.Universities need to reform the training mode of primary school general subject teachers and optimize the interdisciplinary knowledge structure of primary school general subject teachers.Schools need to provide interdisciplinary teaching resources,improve interdisciplinary teaching and research mechanisms,and accumulate experience in interdisciplinary teaching for primary school general practitioners.