流苏树种子霉变环境条件与致霉菌种类研究

Identification of mildew environment and fungal species of Chionanthus retusus seeds

流苏(Chionanthus retusus)种子在室内常温干燥贮藏和室温湿沙层积赤霉素处理湿沙催芽过程中极易发生霉变现象,基于高通量测序对引起流苏种子霉变的环境条件与主要致霉菌种进行了初步研究。结果表明,流苏种子在日均温14.2℃、相对湿度为67.00%的环境中极易发生霉变。室内常温干燥贮藏过程中发生霉变会导致流苏种子生活力从正常状况下的81.82%降为44.00%。室内常温贮藏的霉变种子中共鉴定出40种致霉菌,其中帚状曲霉(Aspergillus penicillioides)和脂节担菌(Wallemia sebi)的丰度最高,分别为33.93%、31.20%;室温湿沙层积赤霉素处理湿沙催芽霉变种子中共鉴定出13种致霉菌,其中茄病镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)丰度最高为97.30%。结果提示,流苏种子在常规贮藏和催芽过程中应严格控菌、杀菌以保持种子活力和发芽率。

The mildew of Chionanthus retusus seeds are easy to occur during dry storage at room temperature and wet sand germinating with gibberellin treatment.The mildew environmental conditions and main fungal species of C.retusus seeds were preliminarily studied based on high-throughput sequencing.The results show that the C.retusus seeds are easily moldy in the environment of average daily temperature 14.2℃and relative humidity 67.00%.C.retusus seeds viability decreases from 81.82%to 44.00%due to mildew during dry storage.40 species were identified in the mildewy seeds stored at room temperature,among which Aspergillus penicillioides and Wallemia Sebi have the highest abundance,33.93%and 31.20%,respectively.A total of 13 fungal species are identified in the mildewy seeds from wet sand germinating with gibberellin treatment,among which Fusarium solani has the highest abundance of 97.30%.The results indicate that the seeds vigor and germination rate should be maintained by strictly controlling fungi and sterilizing fungi during conventional storage and bud acceleration.