釋甲骨文“[雨各]”及相關諸字——從一版氣象背甲談起

Interpretation of Luo([雨各])and Relevant Characters in Oracle Bone Inscriptions:Starting with a Carapace about the Meteorology

本文以清晰的甲骨照片爲依據,重新釋讀了《合集》21936這版龜背甲的兩條卜辭,指出這兩條卜辭占問的内容爲殷代氣象,從而揭示出這版龜背甲的價值。同時,釋出本版寫法特殊的“啓”“雷”和“[雨各]”三字,豐富了我們對商代文字形體複雜性的認識。本文還以“[雨各]”字考釋爲契機,連帶討論了甲骨文“玫”“[女各]”“烙”諸字的釋讀,或講解用法,或分析形體結構,提出了一些新的看法。

Based on the clear photographs of oracle bones,this paper reinterprets the two pieces of divinatory text on the tortoise carapace No.21936 in the Collection of Oracle Bone Scripts,pointing out that their consulting contents are about the meteorology in the Yin dynasty,thus revealing the value of this carapace.At the same time,this paper interprets the special graphic forms of characters qi(啓),lei(雷)and luo([雨各]),which enriched our understanding of the complexity of graphic forms of characters in the Shang dynasty.Taking the interpretation of luo as an opportunity,this paper also discusses the interpretation of characters ge(玫),ge([女各])and ge(烙)in oracle bone inscriptions,which explains the usage or analyzes the structures of form,and advances some new views.