試論走馬樓吴簡“守録”簡及相關問題

Discussion on the Shoulu(守録)Slips of Zoumalou Wu Bamboo Slips and Related Problems

三國時期,戰事頻繁,前方戰場需要充足的糧食供應。吴簡中保存了許多軍糧調配的記録,守録簡是嘉禾二年四、五月份一次臨時性的緊急軍糧調配的記録。“守録”一詞意爲保存、保管。調配程序爲鄉吏從鄉調配米先交給比伍、月伍、歲伍保管,在他們保管期間,若發生虧損由他們自己補足,待保管的米達到一定數量之後交給丘的負責人屯田帥和魁,再運往前綫,以保證前方戰場的糧食供應。

During the Three Kingdoms period,wars erupted frequently,so the front line needs adequate food supplies.Many records of the allocation of military provisions were kept in Wu bamboo slips,and the shoulu(守録)slips were a temporary record of urgent allocation of military provisions in April and May of the 2nd year of the Jiahe Era.The word shoulu means preservation and custody.The process of allocation begins with officials of township allocating rice from the town to Biwu(比伍),Yuewu(月伍)and Suiwu(歲伍)for safe keeping.They will compensate for any loss in their custody,and then deliver it to the head of Qiu(丘),the Commander of Agricultural Garrison and the Chief of Qiu after the stock of rice reaching a certain amount.Finally,these provisions will be transported to the front line to ensure the food supply.